May 06, · Bread Manufacturing Project Report, Business Plan. Introduction. Hello friends, today we are here with a new topic of “Bread Manufacturing Project Report and Bread Making Business Plan” in blogger.com is an affordable and convenient food which is in huge demand for years. The Bread making business is especially concentrated in bakeries that are well-versed in making and selling pieces of Here is what you need to know about writing a manufacturing business plan-Continue reading "All about writing a manufacturing business plan" Take time to plan before assuming it will be easy. Consider how a thermometer measures the temprature in a room and then makes changes with the furnace. If the temperature is too low the furnace is While, it might not be so easy to write a business plan, you can either hire the services of a business plan writer or go online to download a free business plan template and use that as an aid to write your business plan. In fact, below is a sample diagnostics business plan for you; A Sample Medical Lab & Diagnostics Business Plan Template 1
Manufacturing Business Plan
A thermometer is a device used to measure temperature. The thermoscope, developed by Galileo aroundwas the first instrument used to measure temperature qualitatively. It was not until that Sanctorius Sanctorius, a colleague of Galileo, devised and added a scale to the thermoscope, thus facilitating quantitative measurement of temperature change.
By this time the instrument was called the thermometer, from the Greek words therme "heat" and metron "measure". About it became obvious, however, that this instrument—comprising a large bulb flask with a long, open neck, using wine to indicate the reading—was extremely sensitive to barometric pressure. To alleviate the problem, Grand Duke Ferdinand II of Tuscany developed a process to hernetically seal the thermometer, thereby eliminating outside barometric influence.
The basic form has varied little since. There are many types of thermometers in use today: the recording thermometer uses a pen on a rotating drum to continuously record temperature readings; the digital readout thermometers often coupled with other weather measuring devices; and the typical household types business plan for manufacturing thermometer on a wall, post, or those used for medical purposes.
With a thermometer, temperature can be measured using any of three primary units: Fahrenheit, Celsius, or Kelvin. At one point during the eighteenth century, nearly 35 scales of measure had been developed and were in use. In Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit, a Dutch instrument maker known for his fine craftsmanship, developed a thermometer using 32 the melting point of ice and 96 the standard temperature of the human body as his fixed points.
It has since been determined that 32 and the boiling point of water are the scale's fixed points, with Swedish scientist Anders Celsius, inassigned 0 degrees as the point at business plan for manufacturing thermometer water boiled and degrees as the point at which ice melted.
These two figures were eventually switched—creating the scale we know business plan for manufacturing thermometer 0 degrees as the freezing point of water and degrees as the boiling point. Use of this scale quickly spread through Sweden and to France, and for two centuries it was known as the centigrade scale.
The name was changed in to Celsius to honor its inventor. In another scientist, Lord Kelvin William Thomsonproposed another scale based on the same principles as the Celsius thermometer, with the fixed point of absolute zero set at the equivalent of The freezing and boiling points business plan for manufacturing thermometer water are registered at K and K respectively. The Kelvin scale is most often used in scientific research studies.
The operating principle of a thermometer is quite simple. A known measure of liquid mercury, alcohol, or a hydrocarbon-based fluid is vacuum-sealed in a glass tube. The liquid expands business plan for manufacturing thermometer contracts when air is heated or cooled. As the liquid level changes, a corresponding temperature scale can be read to indicate the current temperature. Thermometer manufacturers start with glass blanks with bores down the middle; these are usually received from glass manufacturers.
The bulb reservoir is formed by heating one end of the glass tube and pinching it closed, business plan for manufacturing thermometer. The bulb is sealed at its bottom, leaving an open tube at the top. Next, with the open end down in a vacuum chamber, air is evacuated from the glass tube, and the hydrocarbon fluid is introduced into the vacuum until it penetrates the tube about 1 inch. Due to environmental concerns, contemporary thermometers are manufactured less with mercury and more with a spirit-filled hydrocarbon liquid.
Thermometers are designed according to predefined standards identified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST, formerly the National Bureau of Standards and standard manufacturing practices. Within the regulatory guidelines there are provisions for the custom manufacture of thermometers.
Custom thermometers can be as varied as those who use them. Different sizes exist for the amount, weight, and length of glass used, the type of liquid filled into the glass, the frequency of gradations laid onto the glass tube or enclosure, and even the color of the gradation scale marks. A design engineer will look at the travel limits for the liquid to be used in the thermometer. Once precise limits are established, the dimensions of the glass tube and size of the glass bulb can be determined.
Use of electronic components in thermometers has grown. Many of today's broadly used thermometers contain digital readouts and sample program cycles to feed back the current temperature to a light-emitting diode LED or liquid crystal display LCD panel. For all the electronic business plan for manufacturing thermometer available, a thermometer must still contain a heat-cold sensitizing element in order to respond to environmental changes.
Thermometers consist of three basic elements: spirit-filled liquid, which responds to changes in heat and cold; a glass tube to house the temperature-measuring liquid; and black ink to color in the engraved scale marks with legible numbers. In addition, other elements are necessary for the manufacture of thermometers, including a wax solution used to engrave the scale marks on the glass tube; an engraving engine that makes permanent gradations on the glass tube; and a hydrofluoric acid solution into which the glass tube is dipped to seal the engraving marks.
The glass material forming the body of the thermometer is usually received from an outside manufacturer. Some thermometer products are made with an enclosure, which can be made of plastic or composites and may contain scale gradations as opposed to having these on the glass tube itself. The enclosure also serves to protect and mount the thermometer on a wall, post, or in a weather shelter box.
Although there are numerous types of thermometers, the production process for the most common of these—the classic household variety—is described below. The vacuum is then gradually reduced, forcing the fluid down near the top of the tube. The process is the same when mercury is used, except heat is also applied in the vacuum chamber.
The manufacturing process is controlled by widely adopted industry standards and specific in-house measures. Manufacturing design considerations include quality control checks throughout the production process. The equipment used to perform fabrication tasks must also be carefully maintained, especially with updated design protocol. Waste materials accrued during manufacturing are disposed of according to environmental regulatory standards. During the manufacturing cycle, business plan for manufacturing thermometer, equipment used to heat, evacuate, and engrave the thermometer must be checked and calibrated regularly.
Tolerance tests are also performed, using a known standard, to detennine the accuracy of the temperature readings. All thermometers have a tolerance for accuracy. For the common household, this tolerance is usually plus or minus 2 degrees Fahrenheit 16 degrees Celsius. For laboratory work, plus or minus 1 degree is generally acceptable. Although the longstanding simple glass thermometer is unlikely to change, other thermometer After the bulb reservoir is formed and the liquid inserted, the unit is heated and sealed.
Next, the scale markings are added. This is done using engraving, in which the bulb is dipped business plan for manufacturing thermometer wax, the marks engraved, and the bulb dipped in hydrofluoric acid to seal the marks on the glass.
forms continue to evolve. With technological advances and the more widespread use of lighter and stronger materials, manufacturers of electronically integrated temperature instruments can provide more accurate measurements of temperature with minimal equipment bulk and at an affordable price.
Analog box thermometers, for example, were once used with a long wire and probe tip for in-ground temperature measurements, business plan for manufacturing thermometer, among other uses.
Today, the probe tips are made of lighter materials, and the boxes, loaded with digital electronics, are not as bulky and square, business plan for manufacturing thermometer.
Looking ahead, further work with the microchip may provide the impetus to fully digitize the temperature measuring process. Also, it may eventually be possible to direct an infrared beam into soil and extract a temperature reading from a target depth without even touching the soil. Gardner, Robert. Temperature and Heat. McGee, Thomas D. Principles and Methods of Temperature Measurement. Pavese, F. Modern Gas-Based Temperature and Pressure Measurements.
Plenum Publishing, Alderman, Lesley. January,p. December,p. DiChristina, Mariette. March,business plan for manufacturing thermometer, p. June,p. Joyce, business plan for manufacturing thermometer, Business plan for manufacturing thermometer E. September 21,p, business plan for manufacturing thermometer. Toggle navigation. Made How Volume 1 Thermometer Thermometer.
After the bulb reservoir is formed and the liquid inserted, the unit is heated and sealed. Where To Learn More Books Gardner, Robert. Periodicals Alderman, Lesley. Other articles you might like:. Also read article about Thermometer from Wikipedia.
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Here is what you need to know about writing a manufacturing business plan-Continue reading "All about writing a manufacturing business plan" Take time to plan before assuming it will be easy. Consider how a thermometer measures the temprature in a room and then makes changes with the furnace. If the temperature is too low the furnace is While, it might not be so easy to write a business plan, you can either hire the services of a business plan writer or go online to download a free business plan template and use that as an aid to write your business plan. In fact, below is a sample diagnostics business plan for you; A Sample Medical Lab & Diagnostics Business Plan Template 1 May 06, · Bread Manufacturing Project Report, Business Plan. Introduction. Hello friends, today we are here with a new topic of “Bread Manufacturing Project Report and Bread Making Business Plan” in blogger.com is an affordable and convenient food which is in huge demand for years. The Bread making business is especially concentrated in bakeries that are well-versed in making and selling pieces of
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